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What impact did the arrival of Europeans have on the Indigenous peoples of the Americas?

Before the arrival of Europeans, tens of millions of Indigenous peoples lived in the Americas. In 1492, the first European explorers arrived in the Americas, triggering a devastating loss of life almost inconceivable to us today.

Within a few hundred years, millions of Indigenous peoples—with an extraordinary diversity of languages, religions, and political systems—were wiped out during decades of disease, warfare, and enslavement. Three out of every four people died. Many Indigenous cultures were completely destroyed. But others endured, through centuries of oppression and pain, to carry their languages, histories, and cultural traditions forward into the future.

A future Field Museum exhibition will examine the tumultuous colonial history of the Americas, covering the Americas from 1492 through today.


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