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Dynasties and Deities
Three Kingdoms and Six Dynasties Period through the Ming Dynasty (A.D. 221–1644)
The Han Dynasty fell in A.D. 220. More than three centuries of political chaos—known as the time of Three Kingdoms and Six Dynasties—followed, before the short-lived Sui Dynasty (589-618) restored stability.
Over the next 650 years, two dynasties—the Tang (618–908) and the Song (960–1276)—flourished; others rose and quickly fell. The Mongols conquered the Song in 1276 and created their own dynasty, the Yuan, until the Chinese reclaimed self-rule under the Ming Dynasty in 1368.
China was changing, and its jades reflected this change. The Daoist and Buddhist religions were developing, and jade had lost its connections with older belief systems and forgotten rituals. The ancient forms still inspired jade workers, but new interpretations, styles, and functions emerged.
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