Myconet

C

caesariata Pat., Nectria Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 18: 303 (1902).

Type: Brazil, in living leaves of Chusquea, leg. Glaziou (FH, Herb. Pat. 6664).

caespiticia Theiss. & Syd., Phyllachora Ann. Mycol. 13: 441 (1915).

Syn.: *Phyllachora bambusina Speg., fide Parbery 1967: 295.

Type: "Tonkin", on bamboo leaves, leg. B. Balansa.

caespitosus Syd. & P. Syd., Oomyces Ann. Mycol. 14: 86 (1916a).

Type: Peru, Seringal Auristella, Rio Acre, in culms of Guadua ("Gadua") weberbaurea, v.1911, leg. E. Ule 3513.

calospora Rolland, Teichospora Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 17: 119 (1901).

Type: France, Golf-Juan, Villa des Cocotiers, on Bambusa sp. ("corticem uvidum"), ii.1900, leg. L. Rolland.

calospora Speg., Eriosphaeria An. Soc. Cient. Argentina 18: 282 (1885).

Syn.: *Melchioria calospora (Speg.) E. Müll. in Müller & von Arx 1962: 600.

Type: Brazil, Caá-guazú, on dead bamboo culms, i.1882, leg. B. Balansa 3500.

calospora Teng, Exomassarinula Sinensia 11: 107 (1940).

Syn.: *Melchioria tengii E. Müll. in Müller & von Arx 1962: 599, non M. calospora (Speg.) E. Müll.

Type: China, Szechuan Prov., Peh-pei-chang, on bamboo culm, leg. Teng 3426.

carbonacea Rehm, Apiospora Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 8: 2945 (1916).

Syn.: *Pteridiospora javanica Penz. & Sacc. - Malpighia 11: 399 (1897a).

Type: Philippines, Luzon, Laguna Prov., Mt. Maquiling, on dead Schizostachyum sp., vi.1914, leg. C.F. Baker 3427a (S!).

caulogenum I. Hino & Katum., Hypoxylon Bull. Fac. Yamaguti Univ. 6: 59 (1955).

Syntypes: 1. Japan, Honshû, Nagato Prov., Simonoseki, on dead culms of Phyllostachys bambusoides (P. reticulata), 25.x.1953, leg. K. Katumoto. 2. Kyûshû, , Hyûga Prov., on dead stems of P. bambusoides, 3.iii.1955, leg. K. Katumoto.

cavernosa A. Möller., Hypocrella Bot. Mitth. Tropen 9: 155, 299 (1901).

Type: Brazil, Sta Catarina Prov., mountain at Blumenau, on Merostachys ("Microstachys") speciosa, iv.1893, leg. A. Möller.

chilensis Speg., Apiospora Rev. Fac. Agr. Veter. La Plata, ep. 2, 6: 36 (1910).

Syntypes: Chile, 1. Valparaíso, 2. Concepsión, 3. Valdivia, 4. Corral, in all collections on dry culms of Chusquea cumingii, leg. C. Spegazzini.

chilensis Speg., Valsaria Rev. Fac. Agr. Veter. La Plata, ep. 2, 6: 68 (1910).

Syn.: *Roussoëlla chilensis (Speg.) Y.-M. Ju J.D. Rogers & Huhndorf 1996: 445.

Type: Chile, Cerro Caracol de Concepción, on dead culms of Chusquea quila, leg. C. Spegazzini.

chimonobambusae I. Hino & Katum., Phyllachora Bull. Fac. Agric. Yamaguti Univ. 6: 45 (1955).

Syn.: *?Phyllachora shiraiana P. Syd. fide Parbery 1967: 343.

Type: Japan, Kyûshû, , Hyûga Prov., Udo-mura, in living leaves of Chimonobambusa marmorea, 3.iii.1955, leg. K. Katumoto.

chusqueae P. Henn., Dimerosporium Hedwigia 38: (71) (1899).

Syn.: *Episphaerella chusqueae (P. Henn.) M.L. Farr 1966: 243.

Type: Chile, Valdivia (the Andes), on the lower side of leaves of Chusquea culeou, leg. F. Neger.

chusqueae P. Henn., Gloniella Öfvers. K. Vet.-akad. Förhandl. 1900 : 329 (1900).

Type: Chile, on leaves of Chusquea sp., leg. F. Neger (S!).

chusqueae P. Henn., Glonium Öfvers. K. Vet.-akad. Förhandl. 1900 : 328 (1900).

Type: Chile, near Valparaiso, in culms of Chusquea sp., leg. P. Dusén (S!).
The only fungus seen in the original material was an Apiospora species.

chusqueae P. Henn. ("Chuesqueae"), Hypoxylon Hedwigia 39: (138) (1900a).

Syn.: ?Hypoxylon culmorum Cooke, fide Rick, Broteria, ser. Bot. 25 (1931). *Kretzschmariella culmorum (Cooke) Y.M. Ju & J.D. Rogers.

Type: Brazil, Mattogrosso, Paranatinga, on culms of Chusquea sp., 30.iv.1899, leg. R. Pilger (S, lectotype, Ju & Rogers 1996: 253).
"The position of H. chusqueae is not certain" (Ju & Rogers 1996: 253).

chusqueae P. Henn., Melanomma Hedwigia 38: (72) (1899).

Type: Chile, "am Oberlauf des Tolten", in culms of Chusquea culeou, leg. F. Neger (S!).

chusqueae P. Henn. & Lindau, Phyllachora In: P. Henn., Hedwigia 36: 224 (1897).

Type: Chile, Concepción, on leaves of Chusquea sp., leg F. Neger 25.

chusqueae Pat., Acanthostigma In: Patouillard & Lagerheim, Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 11: 226 (1895b).

Type: Ecuador, San Jorge, on decaying culms of Chusquea sp., leg. G. de Lagerheim (FH, Herb. Pat. 7737).

chusqueae Pat., Protoventuria In: Patouillard & Lagerheim, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 3: 69 (1895a).

Type: Ecuador, San Jorge, on dead culms of Chusquea sp., leg. G. de Lagerheim.

chusqueae Pat., Heterochlamys In: Patouillard & Lagerheim, Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 11: 231 (1895b).

Syn.: *Gilletiella chusqueae (Pat.) Sacc. & P. Syd. 1899: 691.

Type: Ecuador, San Jorge, in leaves of Chusquea sp., leg. G. de Lagerheim (FH, Herb. Pat. 7608).

chusqueae Pat., Rosellinia (non Speg. 1921) In: Patouillard & Lagerheim, Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 11: 224 (1895b).

Type: Ecuador, San Jorge, on dead culms of Chusquea sp. (FH, Herb. Pat. 6866).

chusqueae Petr., Hypocrella Sydowia 2: 334 (1948).

Type: Ecuador, Pichincha Prov., Mindo, on living leaves of a bamboo, apparently Chusquea sp., 15.xi.1937, Nr. 386, leg. H. Sydow.

chusqueae Rehm, Asteridium Hedwigia 35: (150) (1896).

Syn.: *Antennularia chusqueae (Rehm) M.L. Farr 1966: 221.

Type: Ecuador, Pichincha Prov., San Jorge, on living leaves of Chusquea sp., vii.1892, leg. G. de Lagerheim (S!; also FH and NY, sec Farr 1966: 222).

chusqueae Speg., Aulographum Rev. Fac. Agr. Veter. La Plata, ep. 2, 6: 109 (1910).

Type: Chile, near Bahia de Corral, in dry culms of Chusquea valdiviensis, leg. C. Spegazzini.

chusqueae Speg., Lophiosphaera Rev. Fac. Agr. Veter. La Plata, ep. 2, 6: 100 (1910).

Type: Chile, Bahia de Corral, in dry culms of Chusquea valdiviensis, leg. C. Spegazzini.

chusqueae Speg., Rosellinia (non Pat. 1895) Bol. Acad. Nac. Sci. Cordoba 25: 51 (1921).

Type: Chile, Mariluán, near Victoria, on dead culms of Chusquea sp., v.1908, leg. C. Spegazzini.

chusqueae Syd., Leptosphaeria Ann. Mycol. 37: 376 (1939).

Syn.: *Phaeosphaeria oryzae I. Miyake.

Type: Ecuador, Fungurahua Prov., Hacienda San Antonio near Baños, on dead leaves of Chusquea serrulata, 8.xii.1937, leg. H. Sydow 476 = Sydow, Fungi exot. exs. 1196 (S!).
This species differs from P. bambusae in echinulate, much narrower ascospores and agrees in all details with P. oryzae I. Miyake. The second cell from the spore apex is not distinctly enlarged in a majority of the spores, but we do not have sufficient material for determining if that is a significant difference against P. oryzae.

chusqueae Viégas, Mazzantia Bragantia 4: 68 (1944).

Type: Brazil, E. of S. Paulo, near Itanhaém, on Chusquea gaudichaudii ("bracteas"), 10.v.1936, leg. H.P. Krug, A.E. Jenkins & A.S. Costa.

chusqueana Orejuela, Phyllachora Caldasia 1941: 82 (1941).

Type: Colombia, Páramao de Guasca (Cundinamarca), alt. 2900 m., on leaves of Chusquea weberbaueri, x.1939, leg. C. Garcés 230.

chusqueicola P. Henn., Balansia Hedwigia 43: 148 (1904b).

Type: Costa Rica, the volcano Barba, on culms of Chusquea sp., iv.1854, leg. C. Hoffman (S!).
A doubtful species, fide Diehl 1950: 61.

chusqueicola Henn., Gloniella Öfvers. K. Vet.-akad. Förhandl. 1900 : 329 (1900).

Type: Chile, near Valparaiso, El Salto, on thin culms of Chusquea sp., 28.v.1896, leg. P. Dusén (S!).
The original material in Stockholm is immature, but is certainly not a Gloniella species.

chusqueicola Speg., Anthostoma Rev. Fac. Agr. Veter. La Plata, ep. 2, 6: 44 (1910).

Type: Chile, Valparaiso, Cerro Alegre, on culms of Chusquea cumingii, leg. C. Spegazzini (LPS; slide in IMI).

chusqueicola Speg., Sphaerella Rev. Fac. Agr. Veter. La Plata, ep. 2, 6: 57 (1910).

Type: Chile, Cerro Caracol de Concepción, on Chusquea cumingii, leg. C. Spegazzini.

circinans Syd. & P. Syd., Pycnoderma Ann. Mycol. 15: 236 (1917).

Syn.: Pycnodermella circinans (Syd. & P. Syd.) Petr., Sydowia 1: 112 (1947). *Saccardinula circinans (Syd. & P. Syd.) Arx, Persoonia 2: 451 (1963).

Type: Philippines, Samar, Catubig River, in ass. with Phyllachora maculans ("P. tjangkorreh Rac.") in leaves of Bambusa sp., ii-iii.1916, leg. M. Ramos, Bur. sci. 24628 (S!).

clavispora Syd. & P. Syd., Theissenula Ann. Mycol. 12: 198 (1914b).

Type: Philippines, Luzon, Laguna Prov., Los Baños, in leaves ("subvivis") of Schizostachyum acutiflorum, 25.x.1913, leg. S.A. Reyes, comm. C.F. Baker (1937) (S!).
Petrak (1928: 410) examined more than 100 "grauschwärzlichen Myzelrasen" and found only badly developed ascomata, which differed in several respects from the original description. It was not close to either Englerula nor Schiffnerula, and it was impossible to tell anything about the identity of the species on the basis of the type material. We have examined the type material in S and not found any fungus that agrees with the description of T. clavispora.

coccoidea P. Henn., Seynesia Hedwigia 41: 141 (1902b).

Type: Indonesia, Java, on leaves of Bambusa sp., leg. Zimmermann (S!).
The material in S consists of one fragment of a bamboo leaf with 1 1/2 ascoma. Hennings stated that it resembles a Coccidae very much. Actually it seems to be associated with a scale insect on the leaf. We did not examine the very sparse material under the microscope.

colludens Rehm, Valsaria Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 6: 2217 (1914a).

Type: Philippines, Luzon, Laguna Prov., Los Baños, on culms of Gigantochloa sp., x.1913, leg. C.F. Baker 1735a.

combulliens Berk. & M.A. Curtis, Sphaeria Grevillea 4: 147 (1876).

Syn.: Didymella combulliens (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Sacc., Syll. Fung. 1: 560 (1882).

Type: not indicated, only "On stems of Arundinaria".

concinnum Petr., Heliastrum In: H. Sydow & Petrak, Ann. Mycol. 29: 191 (1931).

Type: Philippines, Pampanga Prov., Mt. Arayat, in leaves of Schizostachyum sp., ii.1923, leg. Mary Strong Clemens 210.

confusa Starb., Xylaria Bih. K. Svenska Vet.Akad. Handl. Stockholm 25(III/9): 24 (1901).

Type: Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Ijuhy, in culms of Bambusa sp., 1.iv.1893, leg. G.O. Malme 316.

congesta I. Hino & Katum., Rosellinia Bull. Fac. Agric. Yamaguti Univ. 8: 656 (1957).

Syn.: Hypoxylon congestum (I. Hino & Katum.) Ahmad, Monogr. biol. Soc. Pakistan 7: 105 (1978).

Syntypes: 1. Japan, Kyûshû, , Hyûga Prov., Mt. Kosobo, on dead culms of Phyllostachys bambusoides, 26.vii.1955, leg. I. Hino. 2. Hondo, Nagato Prov., Ube, on dead culms of Phyllostachys bambusoides, 2.iii.1957, leg. I. Hino.
This species may belong in Astrocystis (Lassøe & Spooner 1994: 16).

consociata Rehm, Leptosphaeria Hedwigia 35: 149 (1896).

Syn.: *Monographella consociata (Rehm) O.E. Erikss. & J.Z. Yue, Mycotaxon 38: 205 (1990).

Type: Ecuador, San Jorge, on leaves of Chusquea sp., vii.1892, leg. G. de Lagerheim (S!).

coronata Rehm, Amphisphaeria Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 6: 2200 (1914a).

Syntypes: Philippines, Luzon, Laguna Prov., Los Baños, on dead Gigantochloa scribneriana, ix.1913, leg. M.B. Raimundo, comm. C.F. Baker (1694, 1697; both in S!).

crenulatum Berk., Hypoxylon J. of Bot. 6: 226 (1854).

Syn.: ?Clypeosphaeria crenulata (Berk.) Sacc. 1883: 91.

Type: India, Mt. Nangki, Alt. 6000 feet, on decaying culms of Bambusa sp., leg. Hooker (K!).
We found that the type material in K contains only 3 ascomata and no squash mount should be made from this sparse material. Miller (1961: 134) and Ju & Rogers (1996: 261) stated that this is not a Hypoxylon species.

crustacea Rehm, Rosellinia (Tassiella) Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 8: 2941 (1916).

Syn.: *Trematosphaeria crustacea (Rehm) O.E. Erikss. & J.Z. Yue, Mycotaxon 38: 215 (1990).

Type: Philippines, Luzon, Laguna Prov., Los Baños, on living culms of Schizostachyum sp., 10.v.1914, leg. S.A. Reyes, comm. C.F. Baker n. 3372 (S).
The position of this species is uncertain and it was provisionally placed in Trematosphaeria by Eriksson & Yue (1990 l.c.), who provided a description and illustrations.

culmicola I. Hino & Katum., Gibberella Bull. Fac. Agric. Yamaguti Univ. 5: 221 (1954).

Type: Japan, Honshû, Nagato Prov., Simonoseki, on dead culms of Arundinaria simonii, 12.vi.1954, leg. K. Katumoto.

culmicola I. Miyake & Hara, Lasiosphaeria In: Sacc., Syll. Fung. 24: 976 (1926).

Syn.: *Lasiosphaeria culmorum I. Miyake & Hara 1910: (337).

Type: Japan, Honshû, Mino Prov., Kawauye-mura, in dead culms of Phyllostachys bambusoides.

culmicola Teng, Rosellinia Sinensia 9: 223 (1938).

Type: China, Kwangsi Prov., Yangso, on decaying culm of bamboo, 15.iii.1938, leg Teng 3216 (CUP).
Petrini (1993: 260) considered this species was close to Astrocystis, but did not propose a formal transfer.

culmigena Penzig & Sacc., Acerbia Malpighia 11: 405 (1897a).

Type: Indonesia, Java, Tjibodas, on dead culms of Bambusa sp., leg. O. Penzig 121 (PAD!).
The original material consists of two small pieces of bamboo culm. Both have some conical, erumpent ascomata that are empty (the same result obtained by J. Walker, 30.v.1983). The ascomata are rather light brown, with darker apex. They burst through the culm as Pteridiospora javanica, and may be that species.
In the original material of Didymella maculosa (also from Indonesia) a Linocarpon species and some ascomata of Pteridiospora javanica were found. The ascospores were much shorter than given for Acerbia culmigena (c. 50 x 2 µm versus 95-100 x 3 µm), and it is not probable that they represent that species.
However, we found a fungus in the original material of Anthostomella [Astrocystis] mirabilis (Berk. & Broome) Höhn. var. obtecta Rehm that agrees very well with the original description of Acerbia culmigena. The conical perithecia are immersed, have a flattened base. They raise the epidermis and penetrate it with a characteristic central, shiny black papilla. The perithecia contain numerous fusiform asci, each with a thin apical ring (Congo red), and with 8 spores in one bundle. The spores measure c. 80-100 x 4-4.5 µm, slightly narrower towards the ends, lack septa, are hyaline, have c. 20 small guttules (in brilliant chresyl blue) and have a small globose appendage surrounding one end of each spore. The spores are slightly bent. This is the only pyrenomycete in this collection. It is no doubt a member of the Diaporthales. It differs from Linocarpon in lacking a clypeus, but has similar spores with an apical appendage. The single bambusicolous species described in that genus, L. muroianum I. Hino & Katum., was transferred to Plagiosphaera by Walker (1980: 95). The members of that genus normally have an eccentric ostiolar neck (Barr 1978: 123), so Acerbia culmigena seems to be no better accommodated in that genus. It is possible that a new genus has to be erected for this species.
Acerbia (Sacc.) Sacc. is not an alternative. Clements & Shear (1931: 277) cited A. culmigena as the type species, but that has to be A. hyptidis (Henn.) Sacc., as that was the only species in the Ophioceras Sacc. subgen. Acerbia Sacc. (1895: 353), that Saccardo (1899: 619) later raised to generic rank. Acerbia hyptidis should be conspecific with Rosenschoeldia paraguayana Speg. (see ref. in Saccardo 1905: 852), the generic type, described from Hyptis (Lamiaceae). The species has been described to have erumpent - superficial, moriform ascomata. This is certainly not a close relative of Acerbia culmigena.

culmorum Cooke, Hypoxylon Grevillea 7: 51 (1878).

Syn.: *Kretzschmariella culmorum (Cooke) Y.M. Ju & & J.D. Rogers 1994: 242. See also Laessøe & Spooner 1994: 17!

Type: U.S.A., Georgia, Darien, on dead culms of Arundinaria sp., v.1878 leg. H.V. Ravenel 2505 (K, syntypes).

Anamorph: Mirandina sp., possibly M. dactylelloides T. Matsushima (Ju & Rogers 1994: 244).

culmorum Cooke var. bambusae-blumeanae Rehm, Hypoxylon Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 6: 2205 (1914a).

Syn.: Hypoxylon culmorum Cooke, fide Miller 1961: 69. = *Kretzschmariella culmorum (Cooke) Y.M. Ju & & J.D. Rogers.

Syntypes: 1. Philippines, Luzon, Laguna Prov., Los Baños, on dead Bambusa blumeana, viii.1913, leg. S.A. Reyes, comm. C.F. Baker 1114, juvenile. 2. ditto, viii.1913, leg. C.F. Baker 1624.

culmorum I. Miyake & Hara, Lasiosphaeria Bot. Mag., Tokyo 24: (337) (1910).

Type: Japan, Honshû, Mino Prov., Kawauye-mura, on dead culms of Phyllostachys bambusoides, 25.ii.1910, leg. K. Hara (TNS 209718, S!).
Illustrations were published by Hino & Katumoto (1959: 1187).

cumingii Speg., Cryptosphaeria Rev. Fac. Agr. Veter. La Plata, ep. 2, 6: 82 (1910).

Type: Chile, Valparaiso, Cerro Alegre, on decaying culms of Chusquea cumingi, leg. C. Spegazzini.
Rappaz (1987: 566) had not seen any material of this species, but believed from the description that this is a bitunicate fungus.

curvispora Speg., Scirrhiella An. Soc. Cient. Argentina 19(1): 91 (1885).

Syn.: *Apiospora curvispora (Speg.) Rehm, Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 6: 2199 (1914a).

Type: Brazil, forest near Carapeguá, on decaying bamboo culms, 24.vii.1883, leg. C. Spegazzini 3823.

Published: January 28, 1998. Updated: -.

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